The Boboyan Pines
The Boboyan Pines are located within the southern portion of Namadgi
National Park and cover 380 hectares with Pinus radiata trees
established in 1966 in an area previously used as grazing land for
many years. Initial survival and growth of the pine trees was poor and
significant areas were replanted in 1969. The pines were established
with funds from the ACT Forestry Trust and initially managed by ACT
Forests Branch of the Department of the Interior. The area was
included in the Gudgenby Nature Reserve in 1979 and the Gudgenby
Nature Reserve was incorporated into Namadgi National Park in 1984.
The plantation is of indifferent quality and the pines remain
unthinned and unpruned.
The large Gudgenby fire in January 1983 burnt through the
plantation adversely affecting up to 50 percent of it, particularly
the south west sections of both the Hospital Creek and Bogong Creek
pines. Consequently, there is now a great deal of the plantation
area that consists largely of immature pine regeneration that
contains very limited volumes of merchantable timber.
THE PROJECT
The 1986 Plan of Management for Namadgi calls for the removal of the
pines and the rehabilitation of the area with appropriate native
species. The task is an enormous one, encountering a wide range of
uncertainties and complexities. No single rehabilitation method will
be appropriate for the entire Boboyan Pines and a range of
rehabilitation techniques have been identified and are being
implemented.
ACT Forests are harvesting the pine trees that contain
merchantable timber and falling the remaining trees at the same
time.
Other areas will be subject to non-commercial clearfall operations
The harvesting of the merchantable timber is subject to the
economic constraints imposed by the commercial nature of ACT
Forests operations. Consequently the felling operations are likely
to occur over a few years. However the rehabilitation efforts and
the monitoring and removal of pine regeneration are expected to
continue for many years into the future.
The primary aims of the Boboyan Pines project are to remove the
pines and pine wildings from the site and to rehabilitate the area
with appropriate native species as per the Namadgi National Park
Plan of Management. Within these broad aims are a number of more
detailed objectives:
-
to control pine and pine wildings and if possible to eradicate
Pinus radiata from the Gudgenby Valley;
-
to retain the existing natural vegetation, particularly along
drainage lines and natural forest inclusions, i.e.: to retain
the biological potential of the area; and
-
to advance the recovery of natural shrub and tree cover where
possible. This may involve the creation of vegetation islands
from which regeneration could occur if and when suitable
conditions occur.
Clearly the first priority is to remove the pine trees from the
site to prevent their spread into the surrounding area.
The site and therefore any regeneration work is at the ecological
limits of native tree growth. At the nearby Gudgenby homestead an
average of 140 frost days per annum are recorded. The site borders
two major drainage lines that are wet and act as frost hollows.
Given these conditions it may be best that regeneration efforts
utilise ecological processes and rely largely on regeneration out
from existing vegetation, supplemented by plantings and direct
seeding.
Furthermore regeneration efforts should focus on higher areas
above the wetter cold air drainage lines. Natural regeneration
processes can follow from these vegetation islands as conditions
become suitable.
OTHER WORK
Similar projects have been undertaken at Kosciusko and Jervis Bay
National Parks providing useful examples of rehabilitation techniques
and illustrating potential problems that may be incurred.
A range of regeneration techniques have been applied at both these
sites. The best results as far as limiting pine regeneration have
come from those sites where there has been excellent regeneration
of native species, either from sown seed or from seed stored within
the soil. The good canopy cover shades out any pine regeneration.
Burning the slash has been the most useful technique at both
Jervis Bay and Jounama. However, in order for fire to be a useful
tool it is clear from these sites that sufficient fuel is required
to ensure that the fire is hot enough to destroy pine seeds and to
create an ash bed effect. The prescription fires this year were
very effective, but more open areas to be dealt with over the next
few years may involve other works.
Currently Namadgi has another 70 hectares of pine slash on the
ground at Boboyan for burning next Autumn.
CULTURAL RESOURCES
A Cultural Resource Survey has been conducted at Boboyan Pines. Thirty
four Aboriginal sites and one potential archaeological deposit were
found. Three European archaeological sites were located. Franks Hut is
a focal destination for many visitors walking in this area therefore
rehabilitation work in the immediate surrounds has commenced. This
will improve the aesthetics of the site, protect its cultural values
and also provide an interpretation opportunity for the pines
project.
WEED SPRAYING
The major weed species in the plantation is blackberry and herbicide
spraying efforts throughout the plantation are continuing.
SEED COLLECTION
Seed collection by contractors commenced at Boboyan in January 1996.
There is still a great deal of seed to collect. Some level of
supervision and overseeing is necessary to ensure the genetic
integrity and diversity of the site can be maintained, i.e.: that the
location of seed collection is limited to areas stipulated in the
brief, that seed is collected from a large number of trees and that no
single tree has greater than 30% of its seed collected.
COMMUNITY CONSULTATION
The National Parks Association of the ACT, the Conservation Council of
the South-East Region & Canberra and the Kosciusko Huts
Association have been consulted on roading, harvesting and
rehabilitation work to be conducted during the project. Contact with
these organisations will be maintained throughout the project.
WATER QUALITY MONITORING
Data collection began on the 8th November 1996. Three data collection
sites are monitored along Hospital Creek and three sites along Bogong
Creek.
WORKING GROUP
The project has attracted support from a wide range of individuals and
organisations. A working group has been formed to provide advice and
guidance on the project and includes the following members:
-
Dr Marilyn Ball (Plant Ecologist, Research school of Biological
Sciences, ANU)
-
Dr Jurgen Bauhus (Silviculturalist, Dept. of Forestry, ANU)
-
Geoff Carey (Fire Ecologist, Dept. of Forestry, ANU)
-
Phil Cheney (Fire Ecologist, CSIRO Bushfire Research)
-
Neil Cooper (ACT Forests)
-
Don Fletcher (ACTPCS)
-
Craig Gardiner (CSIRO Tree Seed Centre)
-
Clive Hurlstone (President, National Parks Association of the
ACT Inc.)
-
Frank Ingwerson (Senior Plant Ecologist, Wildlife Research &
Monitoring Unit)
-
Allen Kearns (Landscape Ecologist, CSIRO Wildlife & Ecology)
-
Virginia Logan (District Manager, Namadgi National Park)
-
Ian McArthur (ACT Forests)
-
Eleanor Stodart (National Parks Association)
-
Andy Spate (NSWNPWS)
-
Steve Welch (ACTPCS)
In addition to this working group a number of other organisations
are involved in the project:
-
Greening Australia
-
Water Unit, Environment ACT
-
Green Corps
-
Yarralumla Nursery
-
Ecowise
-
Community Support Unit ACTPCS
-
ACT Bush Fire Services
-
Emergency Services Bureau
-
Waterwatch
GUDGENBY REHABILITATION VOLUNTEERS
The long term nature of this project combined with significant
community interest has encouraged us to form the Gudgenby Bush
Regeneration Volunteer group.
The volunteer work of this group will include:
-
planting seedlings
-
broadcasting seed
-
maintaining enclosure fencing
-
weed & wilding control
-
Waterwatch 6 sites monthly
Planning is underway to burn at least 80 hectares of pine slash at
Boboyan during late Autumn 1999. If you get the chance to be there
its well worth the effort. Again, thanks to all involved.
Steve Welch